摘要：
城市绿地设施不仅是环境的元素,绿地建设的参与者,更是绿地环境的创造者。优秀绿地设施的存在为绿地空间赋予了积极的内容和意义,使潜在的绿地环境变成了有效的环境,它不仅为社会提供了特殊的功能,而且也反映了对人的关怀。 人性的最本质特征是随机性、自由性、灵活性,这也是人们内心最基本的心理需求。随着社会的发展,人们已不再满足于对空间的单纯物质要求,而是更多地追求一种精神享受。城市绿地空间的主体是人,城市绿地设施的服务对象是人。
因而城市绿地设施必须以人为本,满足多层次人的生理需求(使用需求)和心理需求。目前,城市绿地设施呈现出不同发展趋势,笔者认为,城市绿地设施人性化也将是一必然趋势。因此,城市绿地设施人性化的系统理论研究是非常有必要的。 本论文以环境心理学和环境行为学为基础,首先分析了人在城市绿地中的空间行为和心理感受,在把握景观设计人性化这一设计风格、发展趋势及追求城市绿地设施人性化的恒久意义基础上,重点探讨了城市绿地设施人性化的设计理念和塑造手法。城市绿地设施人性化设计理念主要从宏观层次进行了课题分析,如关注多层次人的感受、符合人的行为活动规律、美的创造、注重与环境的有机结合等;而城市绿地设施人性化塑造手法主要从微观层次,即从设施的完善、宜人的尺度、设施的安全等角度展开,对每一项常见的绿地设施人性化要求进行了分析。总体上,论文呈现出层层递进阶梯式布局。
不同的时代,人们有着不同的精神追求,对“人性化”亦有着不同的理解。同样,城市绿地设施人性化在不同的时代有着不同的表现,我们所要做的,就是把握当代人的心理特征和精神追求,努力创造出符合当代人心理特征的绿地设施,并对以后的绿地设施发展产生一定的指导意义。
Abstract:
Urban green land facilities are not merely the element of the environment, the participant of green land construction, it is a creator of the green land environment even more. The outstanding green land facilities one is stored in for positive content and meaning for green land space, make the potential green land environment turn into an effective environment, it has not merely offered the special function for society, and reflect the care to people. The most essential characteristic of the human nature is randomness , freedom , flexibility , is the most basic psychological need of people's heart too, with the development of society, people have yet been no longer satisfied with the simplicitical material demand for the space , but pursue a kind of spirit to enjoy more. The subject of the urban green land space is the people, the serivce object of urban green land facilities is the people. Therefore urban green land facility must be desigende for people first, meet multi-level physiological demand (the demand of use) and psychological need of people. At present, the facility development of urban green land demonstrates different trends, I think , the facility humanization of urban green land will be an inexorable trend too. So the systematic theoretical study on the facility humanization of urban green land is very necessary. This thesis is based on environmental psychology and environmental behaviouristics, and analyses space behavior and psychology experience of people in the urban green land at first, in holding this design style of landscape design humanization , development trend and theong meaning foundationing on pursueing the facility humanization of urban green land l, probe into urban green land facility humanized design idea and mould the tactics especially. Have designed the idea and gone on the subject to analyse from the macroscopical level mainly in facility humanization of urban green land, such as paying close attention to multi-level people's demand , according with people's behavior activity law , beautiful creation , paying attention to the organic integration with the environment ,etc.; And the facility humanization of urban green land moulds the tactics from the micro level mainly, for instance such angles as the perfection of facilities , security of pleasant yardstick , facility ,etc. are launched , have analysed to every common humanized designing requirement of green land facility. Generally, the thesis demonstrates and goes forward one by one the overall arrangement structure of the ladder type ring upon ring. In different eras, people have different spirit to pursue , also there is different understanding to " humanization ". Equally, the facility humanization of urban green land has different behavior in different eras, what we will do, it is psychological characteristics and spirit of holding contemporary people that are pursued , made great efforts to create green land facilities which accord with the contemporary people's psychological characteristics, and produced certain directive significance to the facility development of green land for the future.
